大仰山高山湿地山樱花种群数量结构特征

Numeric and structural characteristics of Cerasus serrulata population around the high-elevation wetlands of Dayangshan

为了更好地了解大仰山高山湿地周缘山樱花种群的数量动态,根据对山樱花种群的实地调查资料,以种群生命表及生存分析理论为基础,以林木径级结构代替年龄结构,编制山樱花种群静态生命表,绘制存活曲线、死亡率曲线和生存函数曲线。结果表明:山樱花年龄结构分布为金字塔形,V pi指数、1/k·(S n)min指数均显示为增长型;山樱花种群的个体数量主要集中在Ⅰ、Ⅱ龄级(个体数量比例占58.59%),幼龄个体数量较多;生命过程中的Ⅰ龄级阶段为死亡高峰,种群存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型,函数S(t)、F(t)、f(t)和λ(t)变化与之相关;山樱花生长更新良好,更新方式为种子繁殖。总之,高山湿地的环境有利于种群的发展。

By using the method of the typical sampling and surveys, this paper analyzed the size structure of Cerasus ser- rulata population in high-elevation wetlands of Dayangshan. Based on the life table of a population and the theory of sur- vival analysis, a static life table was worked out. The curves of survival rate, mortality rate and function value were drawn, and its life process was analyzed. The results showed that the age structure of C. serrulata indicated a pyramid form and Vpi, 1/k. （Sn ） min value of C. serrulata population demonstrated a growing trend. Most of individuals （58.5.9%） concentrated in the age I and II classes, which means young individuals were dramatically abundant. The peak of mortality was in the age Ⅰ class, while the survival curve tended to relate the type of Deevey-Ⅱ, relatively with the change of equation S（t）, F（t）, f（t） and A（t）. This population grew well and the seed germination was the main way of keeping its popula- tion stable. High-elevation wetland environment was good for the development of the C. serrulata population.