微生物溶菌酶微胶囊制备方法及其特性研究

Preparation of microbial lysozyme microencapsulation and the characteristics research

利用锐孔法包被一种微生物溶菌酶,探讨单一海藻酸钠为壁材制备微胶囊的最佳工艺参数,比较添加与不添加辅助壁材卡拉胶或壳聚糖,以及利用一步法与二步法静电络合壳聚糖制得的微胶囊的强度性能、载酶量和酶活包埋率。结果确定最佳工艺参数为:海藻酸钠浓度2.0%,微生物溶菌酶浓度0.2%,氯化钙浓度2.0%,固定化时间1 h。添加辅助壁材卡拉胶或壳聚糖均有利于增加微胶囊的机械强度及载酶量,添加卡拉胶比不添加卡拉胶制得的微胶囊抑菌效果无明显差异。壳聚糖一步法酶活包埋率最高,两步法最低。

On this research, a microcapsule of microbial lysozyme was prepared by extrusion method. At first, the parameters of microcapsule preparation with single alginate wall material was optimalized. Then were compared by the strength properties, enzyme loading and enzyme activity embedding rate of the microcapsules adding carrageenan or chitosan as secondary wall material. According to the results, the alginate-chitosan microcapsule was prepared by the electrostatic complexation principle and divided into one-step method and two-step method. The optimum process parameters were as follows： the concentration of sodium alginate was 2.0%; the concentration of microbial lysozyme was 0.2%; the concentration of calcium chloride was 2.0% and the immobilization time was lh. In addition, earrageenan or chitosan as a secondary wall material can increase the mechanical strength and enzyme loading of mierocapsules. But the antibacterial effects of the microcapsules adding carrageenan or not had no significant difference. Enzyme activity embedding rate of the microcapsules adding chitosan prepared by one-step method was high, while the two-step method was the low.