土壤镉污染对马铃薯块茎氮·磷·钾·镉含量及积累量的影响(英文)

Effects of Cadmium Pollution in Soil on Contents and Accumulation Amounts of Nitrogen,Phosphorus, Potassium and Cadmium Elements in Potato Tubers

[目的]为了研究土壤镉污染对马铃薯氮、磷、钾、镉含量与积累量的影响。[方法]采用盆栽方式,以费乌瑞它马铃薯为试验材料,测定采收后的马铃薯产量、氮磷钾镉含量及积累量。[结果]轻度的镉胁迫降低了马铃薯块茎氮含量,而中度和重度镉胁迫下马铃薯块茎氮含量增加,镉污染各处理氮积累量均显著低于对照处理;随着土壤镉浓度的增加,磷含量在0.01水平显著增加,而磷积累量变化不大;土壤不同镉处理马铃薯钾含量均在0.01水平显著高于对照处理,土壤轻度镉处理马铃薯钾积累量最高,随着镉污染程度的加大,钾积累量降低;土壤不同浓度镉处理下马铃薯块茎镉含量与积累量均呈直线0.01水平显著正相关。[结论]土壤镉污染马铃薯氮肥施用量降低,磷肥施用量不变,轻度镉污染增加钾肥施用量,土壤镉重度污染不适合种植马铃薯。

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of cadmium contamination in soil on contents and accumulation amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and cadmium elements in potato tubers. [Method] Pot experiment was conducted using potato variety ‘Favorita＇ as experimental material, to determine the contents and accumulation amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and cadmium elements in potato tubers after treatment with different concentrations of cadmium. [Result] The results showed that different concentrations of cadmium had various effects on the contents and accumulation amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus,potassium and cadmium elements in potato tubers. Nitrogen content in potato tubers was reduced under low cadmium stress and increased under moderate and high cadmium stress. Nitrogen accumulation amount in potato tubers in various cadmium treatments was significantly lower than that in control group（P0.05）; with the increase of cadmium concentration in soil, phosphorus content increased extremely significantly（P0.05）; potassium content in potato tubers in various cadmium treatments was extremely significantly higher than that in control group（P0.01）. Potassium accumulation amount in potato tubers under low cadmium stress reached the highest, which was reduced with the increasing level of cadmium contamination; both content and accumulation amount of cadmium in potato tubers had extremely significantly positive linear correlation with different cadmium concentrations in soil（P 0.01）. [Conclusion] Under cadmium-contaminated conditions, the application level of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, and the application level of phosphorus fertilizer maintains unchanged. Under low cadmium-contaminated conditions, the application level of potassium fertilizer increases. Severely cadmium-contaminated soil is not suitable for potato cultivation.