形成性评价的特点及实施办法

On Features and Implementation Methods of Formative Assessment

形成性评价被认为能有效地提升学习表现,但在课堂实践中这种评价方式的展开却存在各种问题。因此,对形成性评价的本质探讨以及对其实施过程的研究需要进一步加强,以期能为教学过程提供更加有效的评价手段。本文通过理论分析、梳理总结,发现形成性评价的目的在于促进学习,其实施主体包含教师和学生,并以过程为导向;另外,实施该评价的方式包含:提高学生学习参与性、提供课堂示范、提供反馈和采取学生评价。

Formative assessment is considered to be an effective means of enhancing learning performance. However, the weak practice of such assessment also widely exists in classroom set- ting. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the exploration of the nature and implementation of formative assessment with the hope of equipping the teaching process with more effective assessment devices. The current research, through theoretical study and summative analysis, finds that formative assessment is aimed at promoting learning performance, implemented by both teachers and learners and oriented towards process. Besides, to effectively implement such assessment, four approaches should be consid- ered： involving students in their learning, providing models for learning, giving feedback to students on their work, and adopting learner assessment.