2006～2012年新疆北部棉区高密度植棉模式下杂交种主要经济性状优势分析

The Comparative Analysis on Economic Traits Advantages of Hybrid Cotton in Northern Xinjiang Region from 2006 to 2012

【目的】研究杂交棉在高密度植棉模式下主要经济性状优势,为新疆北疆棉区棉花杂交种利用提供理论依据。【方法】利用2006~2012年北疆170份早熟杂交棉和常规陆地棉区域试验品系和审定品种的皮棉产量、纤维品质性状的多年多点数据,进行对比分析。【结果】在高密度膜下滴灌种植模式下,杂交棉参试数量大体呈下降趋势,除单铃重变幅大于常规棉外,其余性状变幅小于常规棉或与之相当。区试杂交棉组合在平均皮棉产量方面极显著高于常规棉,并在单株铃数、单铃重方面和常规棉达到了显著或极显著差异,纤维品质二者无显著差异,每年高产组合和审定品种的主要经济性状表现与区试结果趋势相似,但近年杂交棉平均皮棉产量较常规棉差异逐渐减小。【结论】在目前北疆高密度植棉模式下,参试杂交棉组合较常规陆地棉生产优势明显,但竞争优势逐年降低,进一步强化开展低成本强优势组合育种及高产高效种植模式研究非常必要。

[ Objective] The project aims to study the main economic characters＂ superiority under high density planting of regional test lines and certificated varieties of the hybrid cotton in northern Xinjiang of Chi- na, so as to provide theoretical basis for using hybrid utilization. [ Method ] The lint yield and fiber traits of 170 regional test strains and certificated varieties of the hybrid cotton in northern Xinjiang from 2006 to 2012 were used to carry out comparative analysis. [ Result ] The amount of hybrid cotton was a roughly downward trend at the high density of drip irrigation in regional test, the main characters＇variation range of hybrid cotton was narrower or less undifferentiated than conventional cotton except boll weight. For the average lint yield, the hybrid cotton combination was a significantly higher than that of conventional cotton in regional test, thenumber of bolls per plant and boll weight also reached significant or extremely significant level. Fiber quality showed no significant difference between them. Meanwhile, the main characters of high - yielding combina- tions and authorized varieties displayed similar trends to regional test strain every year, but the lint yield~ com- petitive advantage of hybrid cotton was lower in recent years. [ Conclusion] The hybrid cotton of the main eco- nomic characters＇superiority was obviously higher than that of conventional upland cotton, but the lint yield~ competitive advantage was gradually lower, So it is necessary to study the strong advantage of hybrid cotton breeding and planting patterns at the hi~,h - d^n.~itv ;. ,~,,.tho~ v＇~＂~_~