矿工创伤后心理状况的比较研究

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON POST-TRAUMATIC MENTAL HEALTH STATUS AMONG COAL MINERS

目的探讨矿难后获救矿工和未经历矿难的矿工心理健康状况。方法将经历矿难获救的200名矿工设为创伤组,未经历矿难的220名矿工设为对照组,使用创伤后应激障碍症状自评量表、症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表进行测量评估,比较二组矿工经历矿难创伤事件后心理健康状况。结果创伤组矿工PTSD症状发生率显著高于对照组(19.64%对8.13%);创伤组矿工在PCL-C量表的警觉因子得分显著高于对照组矿工(P<0.05);创伤组矿工在SCL-90总分及各因子的得分中,躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、SCL总分等显著高于对照组矿工(P<0.05);创伤组矿工客观支持得分显著低于对照组矿工(P<0.05)。结论经历矿难事件的矿工更容易出现创伤后应激障碍症状反应(P<0.01),心理健康水平显著降低(P<0.05),需要更多的社会支持,尤其在客观支持方面(P<0.05)给予更多的支持。

Objective To discuss the mental health status of the miners rescued and those who did not claim the mine accident. Methods Define the trauma group with 200 miners rescued, and the control group with 220 ordinary miners. The miners＇ post- traumatic mental health state was corollated with series of assessments of PCL- C, SCL-90 and SSRS. Results The trauma group showed higher incidence rate of PTSD than the control group, for 19.64% versus 8. 13%. The trauma group got significant higher scores than the control group on the hyper- arousal factor of PCL - C（P〈0.05）. The trauma group got significant higher scores than the control group on SCL summary and its somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia. The trauma group got significant lower scores on subjective support than the control group. Con- clusions The miners rescued are more prone to post- traumatic stress disorder symptoms with a significant lower mental health status. They need more social support, especially subjective support.