钢筋锈蚀引起混凝土结构锈裂综述

State-of-art of corrosion-induced cracking of reinforced concrete structures

对钢筋锈蚀引发混凝土锈胀开裂的研究进行了综述,从试验分析、理论模型和数值模拟3个方面总结了相关研究的成果.采用试验观测混凝土锈裂过程是直观研究手段,但是仅根据有限试验数据拟合得到的经验公式的普遍适用性还存在问题.混凝土锈胀开裂力学模型可以较好地描述理想圆柱体钢筋混凝土试件在均匀钢筋锈胀力作用下的锈裂行为,但对于钢筋非均匀锈蚀、受荷载作用的情况,还尚未建立完善的理论预测模型.将获取的钢筋锈蚀非均匀分布的实际情况,作为有限元分析的位移荷载输入,可对非均匀锈蚀混凝土构件锈裂过程进行模拟.钢筋/混凝土界面铁锈填充区的定量研究、钢筋非均匀锈层分布模型、荷载与钢筋锈蚀对锈裂的共同作用情况以及箍筋对混凝土锈裂过程的影响等方面内容需要进一步研究.

A number of empirical, analytical and numerical models for describing the cracking process of concrete induced by steel corrosion are reviewed. The experimental study is a direct method to investigate the corrosion-induced concrete cracking. But due to the limitation of experimental data, the empirical models are generally the simple mathematical expressions and cannot be universally valid. The analytical models can describe the concrete cracking process of a thick-walled cylinder subjected to an internal uniform pressure due to steel corrosion. However, the current analytical is not yet able to handle the uneven corrosion situation and consider the influence of the external loading. Finite element analysis is an efficient way to study the corrosion-induced concrete cracking with the real uneven distribution of corrosion around the parameter of steel bar as the input displacement on concrete cover. Many aspects, such as the quantitative description of porous zone at the interface of steel bar and concrete, the model of uneven steel corrosion distribution, the concrete components subject to both loading and steel corrosion, the influence of stirrups on corrosion-induced concrete cracking and so on, need further researches.