新生儿血小板减少症200例病因及预后分析

目的分析新生儿血小板减少的病因及预后。方法回顾性总结分析长春市儿童医院2009年1月-2012年12月收治的血小板减少的新生儿共200例,探讨其病因并观察其预后。结果 200例血小板减少的新生儿,早发性血小板减少(<72 h)共112例(56.0%),晚发性血小板减少(>72 h)共88例(44.0%)。早发性血小板减少的原因以母亲免疫性疾病最为常见(73.2%),晚发性血小板减少的原因以感染最为常见(73.9%)。重度血小板减少症晚发性(39.8%)较早发性(15.3%)多见。新生儿血小板减少症的预后均较好,仅少数重症感染者需要血小板输注治疗。结论新生儿早发性血小板减少病因以母亲免疫性疾病最为常见,晚发性血小板减少病因以感染最为常见,所有血小板减少患儿临床均无明显出血表现,预后好。

Objective To analysis the cause and prognosis of neonates with thrombocytopenia. Methods 200 cases of newborns with thrombocytopenia in the neonatal unit of our hospital fxom January, 2009 to September, 20t2 were studied retrospectively, the causes and prognosis were explored and observed. Results As for the 200 newborns with thrombocytopenia, early onset thrombocytopenia （〈72 h） were 112 cases （56.0%）, while late onset thrombocytopenia were 88 cases （44.0%）. The most common cause of early onset and late onset thrombocytopenia were maternal immunologic diseases and infection, 73.2% vs 73.9%, respectively. Severe type thrombocytopenia （〈50x 109/L） in early onset group was much lower than in late onset group, 15.2% vs 39.8% （P〈0.01）. The prognosis of neonatal thrombocytopenia was well. Conclusion The most common cause of early onset neonatal thrombocytopenia was maternal immunologic diseases, while the most common cause of late onset was infection. All newborns with thrombocytopenia had no obviously increased rate of clinical hemorrhage manifest and the prognosis was well.