《周易》中的赋、比、兴及其思维基础

Fu,Bi and Xing in Zhou Yi and Their Thinking Foundation

《周易》卦爻辞具有诸多文学因子,可看做是一部原始歌谣集,具有一定的文学意蕴。同时,从心物关系的角度对赋、比、兴加以界定,可以发现赋、比、兴的表现手法早在《周易》中就已初现端倪,只是《周易》中赋、比、兴的运用还略显稚嫩,并不成熟,赋体多是短章,兴体数量也较少,往往比、赋,比、兴合用。《周易》中赋、比、兴表现手法的运用并非偶然,因为其思维基础是《周易》中的取象思维方式。

Zhou Yi, work of ancient Chinese philosophy, can be regarded as a primary collection of poems due to the literary elements it contains to describe divinatory symbols and explain the diagrams for divination. Fu, Bi and Xing, the three methods of poem creation in ancient China had been used in Zhou Yi when the three methods are defined according to the relations between the mind and the world. However, the use of Fu, Bi and Xing in Zhou Yi is imma- ture： Fu is usually found in short chapters, Xing is rarely applied to and the combination of the three is the most common. In fact, the analogical thinking way in Zhou Yi is the founda- tion of usage of Fu, Bi and Xing.