论国家住房保障义务的构成

On The National Obligation to Provide Housing Security

计划经济体制下的"公有租赁住房分配制度"瓦解后,我国逐步建立了包含规制住房自由市场和供给保障性住房这两种住宅政策。在应对公民的住宅权保障和产业发展、金融安全等诸多政策目标时,国家究竟应承担何种程度的保障义务并受到法律约束已成为制度建设和理论探讨的重要课题。运用"基本生活"、"基本住房需要"的法律概念,可以区分我国住房保障体系中不同层次的保障制度,其中"基本住房需要"的保障应受到法律和宪法的严格羁束,而"基本住房需要以上"的保障则应尊重行政机关的裁量并加强政策制定过程中的民主要素。

After the disintegration of the 'public rental housing allocation system'under the planned economy system,China has gradually built a new housing policy system which regulates the free housing market on the one hand and provides affordable housing on the other. It has been an important issue in the institutional construction and theoretical study to what extent the state has the obligation to provide housing security under legal restrictions. This paper analyses two levels of the national obligation on housing security with legal concepts 'basic life'and 'basic housing need',maintaining that the security of basic housing need should be strictly restricted by laws and the constitution,while the security of those beyond basic housing need should respect administrational discretion,which should be based on improved democratic elements in policy making.