多分量地震数据提取瑞雷面波频散曲线研究

Research on extraction of Rayleigh wave dispersion curve using multi-component seismic data

利用瑞雷面波的频散信息可以有效地反演浅层横波速度结构,从实际地震数据中获得瑞雷面波的频散能量谱,进而提取瑞雷面波的频散曲线是关键的技术环节之一。介绍了从单分量数据中提取瑞雷面波的频散曲线方法,包括预处理(抽道集、道间插值、道均衡、干扰波切除)和线性拉东变换。为了让提取的能量谱在全频段能量团都集中,将X分量和Z分量的能量谱分别进行直接叠加和加权叠加,形成新的能量谱。结果表明,加权叠加的效果要好于直接叠加的效果,更好于单分量提取的效果。该方法提高了频散能量谱的分辨率,减少了人工编辑频散曲线的工作量及其误差。

The dispersion information of Rayleigh wave can be used to analyze shallow shear wave velocity structure effectively. In the analysis, to obtain Rayleigh wave dispersion energy spectrum and extract the Rayleigh wave dispersion curve from the actual seismic data are the key technical links. In this paper, we introduce the extraction method of Rayleigh wave dispersion curve from the single - component data, including preprocessing （ trace gathering, trace interpolation, trace equalization and removal of the interference） and linear Radon transform. For concentrating the extracted energy spectrum in all frequency bands, direct superposition and weighted superposition can be applied to the energy spectrum of X component and Z component respectively, to form a new energy group. The results show that, weighted superposition is better than direct superposition and no - superposition. The method can improve the resolution of the dispersion energy spectrum, reduce the workload and errors of manual editing dispersion curve.