我国水利工程移民补偿存在的问题及出路

Problems in resettlement compensation of hydropower project and countermeasures in China

新中国成立以来,我国的水利工程移民补偿政策经历了3个阶段、2个转变,并取得了长足进展。但目前移民在补偿标准、补偿范围和方式等方面仍存在一些问题。为力求在公平补偿基础上实现移民生产、生活的可持续发展,通过比较了外国经验,并结合我国实际,提出了投资性补偿的设想,探讨了该补偿方式下长期补偿、安置补偿费入股和土地使用权入股的阶段性实施问题。投资性补偿方式有助于缓解当前库区矛盾,并逐步实现水库移民和库区经济的可持续发展。

Since the foundation of new China, the resettlement compensation of hydropower project has experienced three phases, two policy changes and considerable progress has been achieved, but some problems are still existed in resettlement compensation standard, compensation scope and method. In order to realize sustainable development and continuous improvement of living level of relocates based on fair compensation, by comparing the experience of foreign countries and with combination of the practical condition in China, the idea of investment compensation is put forward. It is demonstrated that compensation should be implemented in 3 stages in China, and the detail problems such as long - term compensation, share investment by resettlement compensation fees, share investment by land use rights are discussed. Investment compensation can help to mitigate the contradiction in reservoir area at present and realize the sustainable economic development in reservoir area step by step.