一种可被生物降解的复合材料开发

On Development of a Biodegradable Composite Material

现有淀粉基PP材料制作的一次性食品包装用容器耐候性和抗冻性较差,气温低于-10℃时易脆化开裂,且卫生指标有若干项严重超标,长期使用可能会对人体有害。为有效解决淀粉基PP材料的诸多缺点,提出一种聚乙烯、淀粉与无机填料相互结合的复合材料体系。采用高速搅拌混合、挤出造粒的工艺制备了该复合材料,经过万能试验机测试了力学性能,发现其大多数力学性能和耐热指标达到或超过了淀粉基PP材料,且在一定范围内微调配方,对该材料的综合性能影响比较小,其最高值与最低值误差不超过15%;又采用定量溶剂浸泡实验测试了其卫生指标,证实该材料已达到国家标准,长期使用对人体无害;并且对该材料做了户外耐候性、抗冷冻、耐化学腐蚀性测试,发现其外观无明显变化,力学性能也无明显下降。

Existing starch based PP material is made for disposable food packaging container , its performance for weather resistance and frost resistance is poor, the temperature is easily embitterment cracking below -10 ℃, and Several health indicators have be exceeded , long- term use may be harmful to the human body . In order to resolve many of the above short- comings, a composite system is proposed, it＇s a compound of the polyethylene ,starch and in- organic filler. The composite material was manufactured pass through adopting high-speed mixing , extruding and palletizing process preparation, the mechanical properties was tested through the universal testing machine, it is found that most of its mechanical and thermal properties of indicators meet or exceed the starch based PP material, and in a certain range of Adjusting formula, its performance impact is relatively small, its highest value and the minimum value of the error is less than 15%; and the health indicators were tested using quantitative solvent immersion, the material is confirmed that it has reached the national standard , it＇s harmless to the human body. The material was tested through a needle on to do outdoor weather ability, resistance to freezing, resistance to chemical corrosion, and the material is found that appearance is no obvious changes; the properties are also no obvious decline.