黔西北诸语言(方言)音段音位对比研究

A Comparative Study on Segmental Phoneme of Languages (Dialects) in Northwestern Guizhou

语言是由其内部语音结构、规则结构组成的生态系统。黔西北是一个多民族杂居地区,其境内使用的十几种语言相互影响、相互协同,维系着各语言结构的整体功能。语音对比是语言结构对比分析中最为基础也最为有效的研究层面之一。黔西北接触使用中的各种语言(方言)辅音、元音音段音位数目不尽相同,相应的声母、韵母发音也存在较大差异。对该地区主要语言(方言)辅音、元音音段音位的对比分析,反映了民族杂居和语言接触使用对语音结构的影响。

As an ecological system, language consists of its internal phonetic structure and rules of lin- guistic structure. Northwestern Guizhou is a multi-ethnic region, where more than ten kinds of languages are being used, and the overall function of language structures is being maintained by the mutual influence and coordination of languages （dialects）. Phonetic comparison is the most basic and one of the effective research aspects in comparative analysis of language structure. Among the languages （dialects） in contact in Northwestern Guizhou, the number of segmental phoneme as consonant and vowel is different with one another, and there are greater differences in their corresponding pronunciation. The comparative analysis of the main languages＇ （dialects＇ ） segmental phonemes in this region reflects the influences of multinational areas and languages in contact on the phonetic structure.