研究生“就业难”问题的成因与对策研究

Research on the Reasons and Countermeasures of the Graduate Employment Difficulty

研究生"就业难"问题的发生过程受经济发展、研究生扩招、研究生就业观念等多种因素影响。20世纪90年代至今,伴随国内市场经济的迅速发展以及研究生扩招等过程,研究生在就业市场中逐步从"供不应求"状况发展到当前普遍反映的"就业难"现状。研究生在就业市场中的供需变化、国家就业政策的调整举措、个人的就业观念等都对研究生"就业难"问题的产生有不同程度的影响。破解研究生"就业难"问题,需要从扩大就业需求,高等教育培养体系改革,研究生提升自身综合素质等多方面努力。

The development of graduate employment problem has been influenced by the national economic development, enrollment expansion, the prevailing concept on graduate employment and so on. With the rapid development of domestic economy and the enrollment expansion, graduates have been made to shift their position from demand exceeding supply to employment difficulty in the job market in recent twenty years. The supply-and-demand dynamics of graduates in job market, the adjustment of national employment policies and personal attitudes toward employment have influenced the graduate employment problem to different degree. To crack this severe problem, we need to make more efforts in expanding the employment demand, reforming the higher education training system, improving individual comprehensive ability, etc.