子女移居国外对家庭代际支持的影响分析

The Impact of Adult Children Residing Abroad on the Intergenerational Support of Old Parents

利用北京地区子女移居国外的老年人家庭生活状况调查数据,采用改进的合作群体理论模型,分别从老人和子女角度综合考察了子女移居国外、其老年父母在国内居住的家庭代际支持的影响因素。子女移居国外减少了老人的日常照料;移民子女的代际关系存在向西方"接力模式"演变的趋势。留守国内的老年人对经济支持的需求得到满足,而获取日常照料的关键因素则是子女数量、居住关系以及子女的孝道意识;子女之间的分工按照资源配置最优原则和互惠原则进行,其中"养儿防老"模式被取代,女儿发挥着更为重要的作用。

Using the data from the survey about the family life of older adults whose children re- side abroad conducted in Beijing, this paper investigates the intergenerational support of the old parents who reside in China while their adult children reside abroad, from the view of children and parents respectively, which is based on the modified corporate group model. Results show that the international migration of children reduces their parents＇ possibility to receive instru- mental support;there are trends that the parent - child relationship is transforming into the west- ern relay pattern. The financial support from adult children to their old parents centers on the needs of their parents, while the critical factor of instrumental support is the available children＇ s resource, which depends on the total number of children and the living arrangement;the inter- generational dynamics and China traditional value of filial piety impose great impact on inter- generational support The traditional intergenerational support patterns of reciprocity and the op- timal allocation of resources are maintained in the migrants＇ families. Additionally, play a more important role than sons in the intergeneration support. daughters