大苞雪莲乙醇提取物对模拟高原缺氧小鼠物质代谢的影响

Effect of Ethanol Extract from Saussurea Involucrate on Metabolism of Mice at Simulated High Altitude

目的模拟高原低压低氧动物缺氧模型,从改善缺氧小鼠水、糖、脂肪、蛋白质等物质代谢的角度探讨大苞雪莲乙醇提取物抗高原缺氧作用机制。方法将雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组、缺氧模型组、乙酰唑胺阳性药对照组和大苞雪莲乙醇提取物高、中、低3个剂量组,单次腹腔注射给药,给药30 min后,将各组小鼠分别放入低压氧舱中,模拟海拔6000 m低压低氧环境,维持6 h,进行心肌和脑组织常规病理学观察,并检测器官含水量、脏器指数、糖代谢、蛋白质代谢和脂肪代谢等指标变化情况。结果与正常对照组相比,缺氧模型组小鼠器官含水量明显升高,脏器指数下降,血糖、肝糖原和肌糖原升高,甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量下降(P<0.01),蛋白质含量下降;与缺氧模型组相比,大苞雪莲乙醇提取物各剂量组缺氧小鼠的器官含水量有所下降,脏器指数显著提高,血糖降低,肝糖原升高,肌糖原无明显变化,TG、TC含量降低,HDL-C含量上高(P<0.01),蛋白质含量升高。结论大苞雪莲乙醇提取物能减轻模拟高原急性缺氧小鼠心肌、脑和肺脏组织水肿程度,有效调节缺氧小鼠的物质代谢,降低基础代谢水平,保证机体生存所需要的能量。

Objective To investigate the effect of ethanol extract from saussurea（EES） involucrate on the metabolism of mice at simulated high altitude.Methods Healthy adult BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group（N）,hypoxic model group（M）,acetazolamide group（ACZ） and three groups of EES at low,middle and high dosage（EES-L,EES-M,EES-H）.Drugs were administered ip 30 min before the mice were exposed to a simulated high altitude of 6000 m for 6 h in an animal decompression chamber.After all the mice were sacrificed,they were subjected to histomorphological observation.The water contents of organs,organ indexes,and metabolism indicators for sugar,protein and lipid were determined.Results Compared to N group,the water content of organs in M group was increased while organ indexes were decreased.The content of blood glucose,hepatic glycogen,muscle glycogen,TG and TC was increased while the content of HDL-C and protein was decreased（P 0.01）.The change tendency of the above parameters in EES groups was reversed to different extent,especially in the EES-H group.Conclusion EES alleviates edemas in the heart,brain and lung,and prevents the changes of sugar,lipid and protein metabolism by lowering basic metabolism.