加强临床医学专业《临床营养学》教育的探索与实践

Exploration and practice on enhancement of Clinical Nutriology education in clinical medicine

目的探讨临床医学专业开设《临床营养学》课程的必要性。方法通过对蚌埠医学院第一附属医院临床医生问卷调查,分析其对《临床营养学》教学需求;并通过对临床医学专业学生开设《临床营养学》的选修课,采用试卷考核方式,与现有必修课《卫生学》比较分析学生营养知识掌握程度。结果 71.8%临床医生在工作或生活中被问及营养治疗或营养相关问题;78.2%临床医生认为临床医学专业需要开设《临床营养学》课程,21.8%临床医生持无所谓态度,原因主要有增加学习负担和担心教学效果。《临床营养学》教学后,学生基础营养成绩、临床营养成绩、总成绩均显著高于《卫生学》教学后,差异有统计学意义[(19.67±3.42 vs.13.39±2.54、16.43±4.18 vs.11.39±2.78、36.11±6.76 vs.24.79±4.44)分,t=15.688、11.050、15.458,P<0.01]。结论《临床营养学》更能促进临床医学专业学生掌握临床营养知识,医学高等院校可考虑调整临床医学教育课程设置,以适应疾病模式的变化和医学发展需要。

Objective To research and discuss the necessity to offer a course of Clinical Nutrition in clinical medicine. Methods After questionnaire among the clinicians in the first affiliated hospital of Bengbu medical college,demands for the teaching of Clinical Nutrition was analyzed;optional course of Clinical Nutrition to students majoring in clinical medicine was set up ,which was compared with the current compulsive course of Hygiene to analyze comparatively the level attained of nutritional knowledge among the students by paper examination. Results 71.8% of clinicians were asked about nutrition or nutrition-related problems at work or in life;78.2% of clinicians believed it was necessary to set up the course of Clinical Nutrition, and the 21.8% of clinicians kept indifferent attitude due to the main reasons of increase of learning burden and worry of teaching result. Basic nu- trition score, clinical nutrition score and total score after teaching of Clinical Nutrition were obviously higher than those after teaching of Hygiene,the diffemce had statistical significance[（19.67±3.42 vs. 13.39±2.54,16.43±4.18 vs. 11.39±2.78,36.11±6.76 vs. 24.79±4.44） ,t=15.688,11.050 and 15.458,P〈0.01]. Conclusion The course of Clinical Nutrition can promote the clinical medical students to master the knowledge of clinical nutrition, and adjustment of medical education curricula can be taken into consideration in medical colleges to adapt to the changing patterns of disease and needs of medicine development.