“特岗教师计划”实施背景探析

The Analysis of the Implementation Background of "Specially Contracted Teacher Plan"

针对西部(兼顾中部)农村地区学校师资总量不足和结构不合理等问题,国家颁布"农村义务教育阶段学校教师特设岗位计划",旨在逐步提升农村教师整体素质,实现教育均衡发展。究其颁布背景原因主要有四:决定因素是教育发展不均衡,直接原因是"代课教师清退计划"颁布实施,客观条件是人才分配不均衡,"农村教师资助行动计划"为其提供经验借鉴。但"特岗教师计划"终究只是农村教师队伍建设的短期补充机制,而非长久之计。

As for the problems of insufficient quantity and unreasonable structure of rural teach- ers in the west, the state promulgates the ＂Specially Contracted Teacher Plan for Rural Compulsory Education＂, expecting to gradually improve the overall quality of rural teachers, and to achieve the balanced development of education. Investigating its promulgation background, there are four main reasons： the determining factor is the uneven development of education~ the direct cause is the prom- ulgation of ＂Substitute Teachers Abolishing Plan＂~ the objective conditions are the uneven distribu-tion of talents＇＂Rural Teachers Funding Plan＂ provides it with experience and reference. However, ＂the Specially Contracted Teacher Plan＂ is only a short-term complementary mechanism of the con-struction of teachers in rural areas, rather than a permanent solution.