儿童期及青春期子宫内膜异位症研究进展

Research Progress in Childhood and Adolescence Endometriosis

子宫内膜异位症是引起不孕及盆腔痛常见的病因,在育龄妇女中易被发现,然而由于年龄的特殊性,儿童期及青春期女性子宫内膜异位症尚未引起足够重视。研究发现近年来,儿童期及青春期子宫内膜异位症的发病率呈上升趋势,发病年龄最小仅为8岁,其发病机制尚不明确,临床表现不典型、复杂多样,缺乏早期特异性诊断方法,容易延误诊治。目前诊断青春期子宫内膜异位症的金标准是腹腔镜检查结合病理检查。治疗上以腹腔镜手术为主,术后需根据患者的年龄、意愿、症状的严重程度、疾病的分期、药物的不良反应以及经济承受能力来选择药物缓解疼痛,减少复发,同时进行有效心理沟通和疏导。

There is an upward trend incidence of childhood and adolescence endometrial endometriosis for the past few years. The causation of disease is not yet completely clear, and are closely related to the reproductive tract obstruction malformations, immune, inflammatory, genetic factors. Clinical manifestations of the disease are atypical, complex and diverse. There has high preoperative misdiagnosis rate because the lack of early specific diagnosis. Laparoscopy combined with a pathological is gold standard for diagnosis of adolescent endometriosis. Treated at the same time by laparoscopy, postoperative adjuvant drug treatment, reduce relapse and psychological treatment and education according to the charac- teristics of young people.