3种光温指标在模拟设施黄瓜生长发育中的应用与比较

Application and Comparison of Three Temperature and Light Indexes in Simulating Growth and Development of Cucumber in Greenhouse

2011年9～12月间，以黄瓜“津优1号”（ Cucumis sativus linn. cv. Jingyoul ） 为试材，在南京信息工程大学试验温室进行分批栽培试验，测定温室气象要素和作物数据，分别用活动积温（AAT，Ac-tive accumulated temperature ）、有效积温（ EAT, Effective accumulated temperature） 和辐热积（TEP，Thermal effectiveness and photosynthesis active radiation）3种光温指标模拟温室黄瓜植株叶面积、株高和生育期，并利用独立试验数据对各个模型进行验证。结果表明：用辐热积指标分别模拟黄瓜各生育期（出苗期、开花期、坐果期、果实膨大期、成熟期）距播种日期的天数，其相对标准误差（RMSE）分别为0d，3d，4d，5d，4d，小于活动积温法（1d，6d，8d，11d，11d）和有效积温法（0d，4d，3d，8d，10d）。利用辐热积指标模拟叶面积和株高的相对标准误差（RMSE）分别为43．0cm^2和4．3cm，决定系数（R^2）分别为0．98和0．98，而用活动积温和有效积温指标模拟黄瓜单株叶面积的相对标准误差（RMSE）分别为61．3cm^2和54．6cm^2，模拟株高的相对标准误差（RMSE）分别为9．8cm和7．5cm。比较结果显示利用辐热积指标模拟温室黄瓜生育期、株高和叶面积的精度明显高于活动积温和有效积温，该研究为温室黄瓜生长指标和各生育期的预测以及环境调控提供参考。

From September to December in 2011, the experiments on 3inyou No. 1＇ cucumber in different seedtime were conducted in the greenhouse in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. Models of cucumber growth and development in green- house based on active accumulated temperature （AAT）, effective accumulated temperature （EAT） and thermal effectiveness and pho- tosynthesis active radiation （TEP） were developed through mensurating meteorological elements and crop data, and the models were further verified by independent test data. The results show that the root mean squared error （RMSE） based on TEP from seeding stage to sprouting, blooming, bearing fruits, fruits expanding and autumn stage were 0 d, 3 d, 4 d, 5 d and 4 d, respectively, which were lower than those simulated by the model based on AAT （ 1 d, 6 d, 8 d, 11 d and 11 d, respectively） and the model based on EAT （RMSE is 0 d, 4 d, 3 d, 8 d and 10 d, respectively）. The root mean squared error （RMSE） between the simulated and measured values of leaf area and plant length based on TEP were 43.0 cm2 and 4.3 cm, and the determined coefficient （ R2 ） were 0.98 and 0. 98. The RMSE between the simulated and measured values of leaf area and plant length based on AAT and EAT were 61.3 cm^2 and 54.6 cm^2 , 9.8 cm and 7.5 cm. The comparative results show that the simulation precision of growing stage, plant height, leaf area of greenhouse cucumber based on TEP was obviously higher than that based on AAT and EAT. This study gives the prediction of green- house cucumber growth index and the growth period, and also supplies a reference to optimizing environment control.