黑龙江省抗稻瘟病育种

Rice Blast Resistance Breeding in Heilongjiang Province

综述了建国后黑龙江省在抗源搜集与鉴定、抗性基因分析、抗性鉴定方法、生理小种、抗病品种选育等方面的研究与实践。缺少品种抗性遗传基础研究是限制现阶段黑龙江省抗稻瘟病育种开展的重要因素;特异性分子标记可以在开展品种抗性遗传基础研究中发挥重要作用;根据黑龙江省水稻品种骨干亲本来源,在充分利用已开发的Pi-b、Pi-ta和Pi-t这3个基因特异性分子标记的同时,还需密切关注Pi-a、Pi-z和Pi-k等基因特异性分子标记的开发与利用,进而探讨了特异性分子标记开发过程中的难点和需要注意的问题。

This review summarizes the research and practice about the collection and identification of resistant source, analysis of resistance genes, methods of evaluating resistance, race type and resistant varieties breeding in Heilongjiang Province after liberation. This review thinks that lack of knowledge about the genetic basic of resistant varieties is the major reason of blast resistance breeding in Heilongjiang Province at present; specific molecular markers should be emphasis on the fine identification of the genetic basic for resistant varieties in the future; according to the backbone parents of the rice varieties in Heilongjiang Province, three developed specific molecular markers of Pi-b, Pi-ta and Pi-t gene should be fully used, and more attention should focus on the development and utilization of specific molecular markers linked to the Pi-a, Pi-z and Pi-k gene. Difficulties of development in the specific molecular markers and several problems need to be noticed were also discussed in this study.