张九成《尚书》说刍议

A Study of Chang Chiu-cheng's Explaination of the Book of History

张九成直面两宋之际的残酷现实,借解《尚书》深刻总结北宋灭亡的教训,对北宋的朋党之争、君臣失职的行为进行了无情抨击。他重新提出敬天敬民的思想,要求以民为本,同时强调尊君,并大胆提出"共治天下"的主张,体现了他致君泽民、勇于担当的士大夫情怀和精神,深深影响了同时代人及后世。张九成的《尚书》说摆脱了章句训诂,是立足现实之作,具有典型的针砭时弊的作用。

Facing with the ruthless situation during North and South Song, Chang Chiu-cheng deeply summed up the lessons on North Song＇ s perish through explaining the Book of History, and relent- lessly criticized the Partisan and the King and his subjects＇negligence of duty. He restated the thought of respecting Heaven and people. Meanwhile he emphasized respecting the King and moreo- ver resisted ruling the world by the King and his subjects, which reflected his feeling and spirit of returning the royalty to the King and benefiting the people. The feeling and spirit influenced contem- poraries and later generations. Chang Chiu-cheng＇ s Explaination of the Book of History was based on reality, no longer sticking to the letter and old methods, and played a typical role in criticizing social ills.