民族教育政策的文化性质——兼论民族教育政策研究的“价值相关性”问题

The Cultural Nature of the National Education Policy and the“Value-Related”Issues in the Researches of the National Education Policy

民族教育是指在多民族国家中,对人口居于少数的民族实施的教育。旨在提升民族教育质量的民族教育政策具有"民族性"、"发展性"和"文化性"等特点。它们集中地反映为民族教育政策的"文化性质"。一方面,民族教育政策在存在形式、目的、对象等方面,表现出显著的文化特征,对文化产生深刻的影响;另一方面,文化也对民族教育政策整个过程产生"显性"和"隐性"的影响。民族教育政策的这种特征决定了民族教育政策的研究应该要从文化和政策相关利益群体的需求和实际出发,体现和尊重少数民族的教育特点,因而是"价值相关",而不是"价值无涉"的。

National education is the education that is implemented among the ethnic minority population living in the multi-ethnic country. The national education policy which aims to enhance the quality of national education has such features as ＂national＂, ＂developmental＂ and ＂cultural＂. The ＂cultural nature＂ is a focal reflection of these features. On the one hand, national education policy shows remarkable cultural characteristics in its form of presence, aims and objects, which exert a profound impact on culture~ On the other hand, culture also has a ＂dominant＂ or ＂hidden＂ effect on the whole process of national education policy. In view of these features, the research of the national education policy should take culture, the needs and realities of the policy-related groups as it starting point, and should reflect and respect the characteristics of the education for minorities. Hence, it should be ＂value- relevant＂ instead of ＂value-free＂.