竹山县1965-2012年麻风病发现方式及费用分析

Analysis of the Ways and Cost to Find Leprosy in Zhushan County in 1965-2012

目的分析麻风病发现方式及费用,探讨基本消灭麻风病后的监测方法。方法收集1965-2012年竹山县发现的麻风病人的资料,采用描述流行病学方法对发现方式与病期、畸残及费用进行分析。结果 1965-2012年,竹山县共发现麻风病人123例,普查、线索调查、疫源地接触者检查、皮肤科就诊和报病奖励发现病人数分别占发现总数的42.28%、20.33%、19.51%、13.82%、4.07%;以疫源地接触者检查早期发现病人的比例最高,且畸残率和费用最低。结论疫源地接触者检查和线索调查仍是发现麻风病人的主动方式。应对病人家属及邻居接触者监测一个最长潜伏期(10年),并适时开展线索调查。

Objective To analyze the ways and cost to find leprosy patients and explore the monitoring methods after ba- sic elimination of leprosy. Methods The data about leprosy patients in Zhushan County from 1965 to 2012 were collected. The discovery method and cost, the disease stage and the incidence of deformities were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results Totally, 123 leprosy patients were discovered in Zhushan County during the period of 1965 - 2012. The cases discov- ered by ways of mass screening, clue survey, epidemic focus contact check, dermatology clinic visiting and reported disease re- ward accounted for 42.28%, 20.33%, 19.51%, 13.82% and 4.07%, respectively. Epidemic focus contact check was the most effective way in the early detection of leprosy patients, with the lowest deformity rate and the lowest cost. Conclusions Epidemic focus contact check and clue survey are still the active ways to find leprosy patients. The family members and neighbors contacting with the leprosy patients should be monitored for a maximum incubation period of 10 years; moreover, timely clue sur- vey should be carried out.