毛竹林钾肥效应与平衡施肥研究

Potassium efficiency and balanced fertilization at Phyllostachys edulis forest

为了探讨施肥对毛竹出笋的影响问题,从而为毛竹笋材两用林的集约经营提供理论依据,以生态系统养分平衡理论为指导,采用随机区组设计,设施肥处理N1P1K1(K1)、N1P1K2(K2),垦复处理(CK)共3个处理,8个试验样地,就不同施肥处理对永丰毛竹林的肥效问题进行了试验研究。结果表明:不同施肥处理对提高出笋率、出笋数、成竹率均有显著的效果,其肥效从大到小依次为K1>K2>CK(垦复);K1施肥处理对增加笋径、促进竹笋生长的效果比K2处理和垦复处理(CK)好;施肥对增加鲜笋产量的效果也是十分明显的。方差分析结果显示,K1处理与垦复处理(CK)的增产效果间的差异达到了极显著性水平,其与K2处理相比,也达到了显著性差异水平,K2处理的增产率为垦复处理(CK)的2倍,但其对总出笋量的增产效果并不显著。

In order to learn effect of fertilization on growth of Phyllostachy edulis shoot, and to provide a basis for intensive management of shoot and wood used P. edulis forest, combining the nutrient balance theory of ecosystem, effects of three fertilization treatments on fertilization efficiency at eight sample sites of P. edulis forests in Yongfeng by randomized block design. The treatments are N1P1K1（K1）, N1P1K2（K2） and improvement of stand condition （CK）, respectively. The results show that different fertilization treatments have significant effects on shoot rate, shoots number and bamboo rate, and the order based on fertilization effect from high to low is K1, 1（2, CK. K1 treatment shows better effect on increasing shoot diameter and improving growth of shoot than K2 and CK treatments. Fertilization effect on increasing yield of fresh bamboo shoots is significant. The results of variance analysis show that the difference of increasing yield effect reaches very significant level between K1 and CK treatments, it also reaches significant level between K~ and I〈2 treatments. The rate of increasing yield of K2 treatment is two times to CK, but the effect of increasing yield on total number of bamboo shoots is insignificant.