竞走运动员下肢能耗模型的建立及运动学参数分析——以太仓国际田联竞走挑战赛我国优秀女子运动员为例

Analysis of Relationship between Female Race Walkers's Lower Limb's Kinematics Parameter and Exercise Energy Consumption——Take the No. 45 player of Taicang IAAF Race Walking Challenge for Example

以我国女子竞走运动员下肢竞走技术参数为研究对象,运用平面定机拍摄和影像解析法等对竞走运动员下肢技术和能耗研究竞走队员个体能耗与动作技术的关系,寻找适合不同个体更科学的竞走技术动作,为竞走运动训练和科研提供帮助。研究发现,竞走的动作技术对竞走运动员的体能消耗有着至关重要的影响;步长和竞走运动员的动能成正比例关系;踝关节角度速度的变化率成为摆动技术的关键;步长、腾空时间、踝关节角速度成为影响竞走的主要因素,因此运动员应该有自己的技术风格,按照适合自己的动作技术进行比赛,这样有利于能耗降低,使整个过程节奏连贯。

This paper studies the race-walking technical parameter of excellent Chinese women race-walking athletes＇ lower limbs, using such methods like two-dimension fixed camera, image analytical methods and so on to study the technology and energy consumption of race-walking athletes＇ lower limbs , the connection between individual＇s energy consumption and motion , skills so as to search better technical motion for individuals, offer help to race walking training and research. It found out that the motion is critical for race-walking athletes＇ energy consumption; step length is proportional to energy of motion; the change of angle and speed of ankle joint is key to swing leg technology. Step length, duration of flight as well as angle and speed of ankle joint are the main factors to influence race-walking, thus race-walking athletes should form their own technical styles to compete according to their own technical motion, which is good for reducing energy consumption and smoothing the competition.