镍钛根管器械机械性能的理解与评价

Understanding and evaluating the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium endodontic files

各种根管预备器械的机械性能差异与其化学成分、镍钛金属的晶相组成及镍钛预备器械的制造过程有关。掌握镍钛根管预备器械的机械性能和相关的金属性能将有助于临床医师了解根管预备器械的特性．以便于选择合适的器械进行根管预备。本视频讲座将总结各种镍钛根管预备器械的机械性能，包括传统超弹性镍钛器械和最新推出的马氏体和R相镍钛器械的弹性、抗扭力和抗疲劳等特性，同时也将讨论金属特性和热机械处理对器械机械性能的影响。

Differences in mechanical properties between endodontic instruments might be related to the chemical composition, phase constitution and fabrication process of nickel-titanium （NiTi） endodontic instruments. The awareness and knowledge of the mechanical properties of NiTi endodontic files and their association with the metallurgical properties will be useful for clinicians to understand the behavior of NiTi instruments in root canal and help them to make clinical decisions about which instruments are appropriate for root canal therapy. We will summarize the mechanical properties of NiTi endodontic instruments including the flexibility, torsional resistance, flexural resistance and cyclic fatigue of the conventional superelastic NiTi instruments and the most recently developed novel NiTi instruments with martensite and R-phase. The influence of the metallurgical properties and the thermomechanical processing on the mechanical properties will be discussed.