北京市某乡镇内0～6月龄小儿母亲对预防接种知识知晓情况的调查

Investigation on awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers of children under six months in a town of Beijing

目的了解0～6月龄小儿母亲对预防接种知识的掌握程度。方法抽取北京市西田各庄镇0～6月龄的小儿母亲,采用自行设计的预防接种知识知晓情况的调查问卷进行调查。采用SPSS 10.0软件进行分析,用百分率进行统计描述。结果①年龄≥25岁的小儿母亲掌握的预防接种知识相对较多;②文化程度较高的小儿母亲掌握的预防接种知识相对较多;③家庭年收入为中高层的小儿母亲掌握的预防接种知识相对较多;④97.62%的小儿母亲非常愿意了解小儿预防接种相关知识,97.62%的小儿母亲愿意在预防接种前了解预防接种相关知识,72.22%的小儿母亲愿意每月参加1次预防接种相关知识的培训,98.41%的小儿母亲表示一定会参加小儿预防接种相关知识的培训。结论小儿母亲对预防接种知识普遍缺乏,尤其是掌握的接种疫苗后的不良反应及处理方法方面的知识相对更少。乡镇农村地区小儿母亲文化程度相对较低,接种疫苗意识相对较薄弱,应采取灵活多样、针对性强的宣传培训方式以提高她们的意识,从而使所有小儿都能获得及时有效的预防接种。

[ Objective ] To understand the awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers of children under six months. [ Methods] The mothers of children under six months were collected from Xitiangezhuang Town of Beijing, and the survey was conducted with the self-designed questionnaire for awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination. SPSS 10.0 software was used in analysis, and percentage was applied in descriptive statistics. [ Results] （1）The awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers above 25 years old was relatively high. （2）The awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers with higher educational level was higher than that among mothers with lower educational level. （3）The awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers with good annual household income was relatively high. （4）97.62% of mothers were very eager to know the knowledge about vaccination, 97.62% would like to know the knowledge about vaccination before inoculation, 72.22% would like to receive a monthly training lesson on inoculation, and 98.41% said they would certainly participate in the training lesson about vaccination of children. [ Conclusion] The awareness rate of knowledge about vaccination among mothers of children is relatively low, especially the knowledge about adverse reactions after vaccination and its treatment methods. Due to low educational level, the consciousness of vaccination among mothers of children in rural area is weak, so it is necessary to carry out the publicity and training with flexible and targeted ways to improve their consciousness, so as to effectively implement the timely vaccination among all children.