医学情境中框架效应的效应量分析

Effect size analysis of framing effects in medical situation

目的讨论医学情境中5种框架效应的效应量差异。方法自编医学情境问题,包括药物疗效评价,医嘱依从性,医生及医疗方案决策等,分别采用正、负2种框架描述。500名大学生被随机分为10组,每组被试回答一道决策问题。结果 5种类型的框架均表现出显著的框架效应(t属性框架=3.34,P<0.01;t目标框架=-2.14,P<0.05;t亚洲疾病=2.73,P<0.01;t不等值风险框架=2.09,P<0.05;t数字框架=-7.50,P<0.01),且表现出从小到大的不同效应量(0.4≤d≤1.2)。结论医疗决策能够受到框架描述的影响。临床实践中应该注意医学描述的标准化。

[ Objective]To compare the effect size of 5 different types of framing effects in medical situation. [ Methods] Self-designed medical situation problem, including evaluation of drug efficacy , compliance orders , doctors and medical decision-making, were described in both positive and negative frames. A total of 500 undergraduates as participants were randomly divided into 10 groups. Participants from each group were asked to finish one decision making task. [ Results ] All the frames examined leaded to significant framing effects （ t Attribute frame =3.34,P 〈0. 01 ; t Goal frame = -2.14,P 〈0. 05; t Asian disease =2.73,P 〈0. 01 ; t No equivalent risk framework = 2.09, P 〈 0.05 ; t Number frame = -7.50, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The five types of framing effects showed effect size from small to big （0.4 ≤d ≤1.2 }. [ Conclusion] Medical decision-making can be affected by frame descriptions. Attentions should be paid on the standardization of description in medical practice.