心理干预对围生期高龄孕产妇心理健康及应对方式的影响

Influence of psychological intervention on mental health and coping styles in elderly pregnant women during perinatal period

目的探讨心理干预对围生期高龄孕产妇心理健康状况及应对方式的影响。方法将220例围生期高龄孕妇随机分为2组,每组110例,2组均进行常规的产前健康教育,研究组在此基础上联合综合心理干预,观察孕28周至产后1周孕产妇心理状况。于心理干预前后采用症状自评量表及应对方式问卷进行评定分析。结果心理干预后研究组症状自评量表的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑因子分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01);应对方式问卷解决问题、求助、合理化因子分均显著高与对照组,而退避因子分显著低于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论心理干预能显著改善围生期高龄孕产妇的心理状况和应对方式,缓解焦虑、抑郁等心理问题,提高其积极应对能力和心理健康水平。

[ Objective ] To discuss the influence of psychological intervention on mental health and coping styles in elderly pregnant women during perinatal period. [ Methods] 220 elderly perinatal pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups, 110 eases in each group. Both two groups were given the routine prenatal health education, and the study group received the comprehensive psychological intervention on this basis. The psychological status of pregnant women was observed from 28 weeks of pregnancy to 1 week after childbirth. The evaluation and analysis before and after psychological intervention was conducted by the Symptom checklist （SCL） and the Coping style questionnaire. [ Results ] After psychological intervention, the scores of obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal relationship, depression and anxiety factor in SCL of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. In the Coping style questionnaire, the factor scores of solving the problem, recourse and rationalization of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group, while score of wince factor was significantly lower than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The psychological intervention can significantly improve the mental health and coping styles in elderly pregnant women during perinatal period, alleviate psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, and enhance their positive coping ability and psychological health level.