教师的迁徙:成因、效应与发展态势

Teacher's Migration: Causes, Effect and Development

在中国乃至世界教师总量不足的背景下,教师迁徙成了社会的一种正常人口流动。各种迁徙如政策性的、趋利性的、职业性的迁徙推动了教师的专业发展,对教师资源配置产生了深刻的影响,也有利于教师"种群"的可持续发展,并对迁徙地产生聚集效应和扩散效应。多种因素影响下的教师迁徙呈现出"互迁"的局面、跨国界及跨文化的迁徙、越来越自由的迁徙、政策引导的教师合理有序的迁徙等新的发展趋势。

Under the background of insufficient teachers in total both in China and abroad, the teacher migration is normal population mobility in the society. Various migrations such as the policy migration, the profit-oriented migration and the professional migration have promoted the teacher＇ s professional development, exerting a deep influence on the distribution of teacher resources. Besides, it is also conducive to the sustainable development of the teacher ＂species＂ and will produce an agglomeration effect and proliferation effect in the migration areas. Affected by many factors, the teacher migration presents the new developmental tendency of ＂mutual migration＂, international and cross-cuhural migration, increasingly free migration, and reasonable and orderly teacher migration guided by policies.