专利制度的效率分析

On the Efficiency of Patent System

从经济学角度分析,每一部法律制度均有其自身的事前效率目标和事后效率目标,并力求实现二者之间的均衡。专利制度的事前效率目标是实现对创新的最优激励,事后效率目标是达到价值最大化的使用,它通过创设一种具有排他性和可转让性的权利机制,旨在实现激励创新的事前效率和推广使用的事后效率之间的均衡。

From an economic perspective,each legal system has its own ex-ante efficiency goal and ex-post efficiency goal,and strives to achieve a balance between the two goals.The ex-ante efficiency goal of the patent system is to achieve the optimal incen- tive for innovation,while the ex-post efficiency goal is to achieve the value-maximum use of patent.Patent system is designed to achieve efficiency equilibrium between ex-ante encouraging innovation and ex-post promoting use though creating an exclusive and transferable fight mechanism.