中国伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征的残疾现况调查:全国第二次残疾人抽样调查数据分析

Descriptive epidemiological study of disability attributable to behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors in China

目的:描述我国归因于伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征的残疾率及其人群和地区分布,分析其残疾等级及功能损害程度,以利于制定残疾防治和康复的卫生政策。方法:采用描述性流行病学研究方法分析我国第二次残疾人抽样调查的资料,计算归因于伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征的残疾率并进行人群和地区分布的显著性检验。结果:本次调查共调查全国社区居民2 526 145人,伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征残疾率为2.3/10万。残疾率的性别分布为女性是男性的2.46倍(P<0.01);无工作者残疾率是有工作者的2.21倍(P<0.01);受教育程度高者残疾率低于受教育程度低者(高中及以上、初中、小学及以下的残疾率分别为9.8/10万、29.3/10万、61.0/10万,P<0.05);而残疾率的婚姻状态分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。残疾率在各省间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中广东省最高。伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征的残疾者中四级残疾最多,占68%;伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征残疾者的身体移动能力和生活自理能力受到的损害较轻,理解和交流能力、与人相处能力、生活活动能力和社会参与能力受到的损害较重。结论:伴有生理紊乱及躯体因素的行为综合征残疾率有地区和人群分布的差异,此类残疾的各方面社会功能损害程度不一,应该得到应有的重视。

Objective： To provide information for making health strategy of prevention and rehabilitation of disability attributable to behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors, the disability prevalence and its distribution were described, and the disability grades and their severity of function im- pairments were analyzed. Methods： Using descriptive epidemiological method, the data of the Second National Sam- pling Survey on Disability in 2006 were analyzed. The disability prevalence of behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors and its distribution in different people and regions were statistically calculated. Results： The total number of the respondents was 2,526, 145. The disability prevalence rate of behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors was 2. 3/100,000. The prevalence rate in females was 2.46 times higher than that in males （ P 〈 0. 01）. The prevalence rate in the unemployed was 2. 21 times higher than that in the employed （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compared with the people with low education level, the people with higher education levels had statistically lower prevalence rates （high school or above, middle school, elementa- ry school or below were 9. 8/100,000, 29. 3/100,000, 61.0/100,000, P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant differ- ence in the distribution of the prevalence rates in different marital status （P 〉 0.05）. The prevalence rates varied in 31 provinces with statistical significance （P 〈 0. 01）. The rate in Guangdong was the highest. Among the disabled attributable to behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors, the group of mild psychiatric disability was the majority, accounting for 68%. It was relatively mild to be impaired in physical move and ability of self-care among the behavioral syndromes disabled, while it was severer to be impaired in the a- bility of understanding and communication, interpersonal relationship, daily activity, and social participation. Conclusion： The results show that the distribution of behavioral syndromes disability varies in popula- tion and regions. It should be paid attention to the disability with different impairments to daily and social activities.