美洲商陆高频再生体系的建立

Establishment of High Frequency Regeneration System of Phytolacca Americana

美洲商陆为商陆科多年生草本植物,在工业、农业和医药上具有很高的应用价值.本实验拟从外植体选择、激素组合、GA3和AgNO3等物质应用角度进行试验,分析各条件对愈伤组织诱导,不定芽分化、伸长以及不定根诱导等方面的影响,旨在构建美洲商陆稳定高效的再生体系.实验结果表明:愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化的最适外植体为茎节;将无菌苗的上部经诱导培养基转接、壮苗后,再取茎节进行愈伤组织诱导和不定芽分化,可以显著提早不定芽分化、提高芽增殖系数;不定芽诱导分化最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+TDZ(0.02 mg/L),增殖系数达12.7;不定芽伸长的最佳培养基为MS+TDZ(0.02 mg/L)+6-BA(3.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.01 mg/L)+GA3(2.0 mg/L);生根最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA(0.4 mg/L),生根率可达91.7%以上.AgNO3处理抑制了美洲商陆不定芽的分化.

Phytolacca americana Linn. ,which belongs to Phytolaccaceae,is a kind of perennial herb with high application value in industry, agriculture and medicine. In order to establish a stable and efficient regeneration system for P. americana, efficiency of callus induction, adventitious bud differentiation and elongation, and adventitious root induction etc. were analyzed from aspects of explants selection, hormones combination and applications of GA3 and AgNO3 etc.. Results show that, the optimal explants for callus induction and bud differentiation are stem sections;the method of transplanting shoots in induction medium to sound seedling can significantly advance adventitious bud differentiation and promote bud proliferation coefficient. The optimal medium for adventitious bud differentiation is MS＋6-BA 3.0 rag/L＋ NAA 0.01 mg/L＋TDZ 0.02 mg/L with a multiplication coefficient up to 12.7. The optimal medium for adventitious buds elongation is MS＋TDZ 0.02 mg/L＋6-BA 3.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.01 mg/L＋GA3 2.0 mg/L. The optimal rooting medium is 1/2MS＋NAA 0.4 mg/L with a rooting rate up to 91.7%. AgNO3 treatment inhibited the adventitious bud differentiation of P. americana.