不同施肥量和施肥次数对蔺草产量及品质的影响

Effects of different fertilizer rates and application times on the yield and qualities of mat rush (Juncus effusus L.)

在大田条件下,对供试中氮低磷高钾型复合肥(14-8-19)不同施用量及施肥次数对蔺草产量和品质以及氮肥偏生产力的影响进行研究。结果表明,施用复合肥全量加尿素全量,施肥次数由习惯施肥的11次,减少到7次时,与习惯施肥相比,蔺草产量显著降低,且品质也有所下降,氮肥偏生产力显著下降;施肥次数减少到9次时,与习惯施肥相比,蔺草产量略有上升,品质有所提高,尤其是长蔺率,差异达到显著水平,氮肥偏生产力略有上升。将复合肥用量降低至全量的80%和60%时,蔺草的产量显著下降,品质呈不同程度的下降,氮肥偏生产力上升或显著上升。因此,采用供试复合肥,施肥次数可比习惯施肥减少2次,节省用工成本,提高施肥效率,其适宜的用量为2 822 kg·hm-2左右。

The mat rush （Juacus effusus L. ） is a cash crop which demands large amounts of fertilizers. A field ex- periment was conducted to determine the effects of different fertilizer rates and application times on the yields, quali- ties, and partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen （ PFPN ） of mat rush. The results indicated that when the 100% rate of tested fertilizer was applied, and the application times were reduced from 11 （conventional fertilization） to 7 times, compared with the conventional fertilization, there was significant decline in yield and PFPN , while the quality declined slightly; when application times was reduced to 9, the yield and PFPN increased slightly, and the quality improved, especially the rate of long stem （P 〈 0.05 ）. When the application rate of tested fertilizer was reduced to 80% and 60% of total rate, the yield declined significantly, while the quality decreased in some degree, and the PFPN increased or significantly increased. The conclusion was that the tested fertilizer could help to reduce the application times for 2 times and to improve the efficiency of fertilization. The proper application rate of tested fertilizer was around 2 822 kg.hm-2.