艏喷管在全垫升气垫船上的设计与应用

Design and application of bow jet pipe on air-cushion vehicle

全垫升气垫船垫态航行时,船体下部围裙形成的高压气垫将船几乎托离于运行表面,依靠空气螺旋桨向前推进。此时,阻尼小且低速时舵效差,抗侧风能力差且低速操纵性不佳。这是全垫升气垫船的不足之处,尤其在狭窄多湾河道和多风环境下使用时,该缺点尤为明显。为此,文中从气动力设计、装置实现及操控性等方面,系统研究了独立风机供气的艏喷管在气垫船上的设计与应用,后期的样艇航行试验也证实了装备的艏喷管已达到设计目标。

When an air-cushion vehicle is sailing ,the high-pressure air-cushion produced by the bottom skirt almost lifts the craft out of the operation surface ,and propells forward by air propeller. And then the small damp low rudder efficiency at a low speed ,weak anti-wind capability and poor maneuverability at a low speed are the disadvantages of air-cushion vehicle ,especially in the narrow wandering river and windy environment. Therefore , this paper researches the design and application of bow jet pipe ,where its air is supplied by independent fan ,on air-cushion vehicle in aspects of aerodynamic design ,equipment realization and manipulation ability ,etc. The sailing test of prototype craft also proves that the equipped bow jet pipes meet the design requirement.