乡民艺术与乡土社会的变迁——山东莱芜花鼓锣子的民俗学研究

Folk Arts and Changes of the Local Society——Taking Huagu Luozi of Laiwu City,Shandong Province as an Example

花鼓锣子是山东省莱芜市颜庄地区的一种民间舞蹈,是当地民众"集体狂欢"、表述文化的重要工具,并通过反复的展演,最终实现群体内的"文化强化"以及周围区域内的"文化强调"。乡土社会特殊的资源为乡民艺术提供了赖以传承发展的生存土壤,反过来,特有的乡民艺术的发展也对乡土社会的话语权分配以及整合起着积极的作用,并在一定程度上形塑乡土社会的性格。但是,随着乡村都市化进程的加快,特别是随着非物质文化遗产保护的影响,乡土社会开始发生巨大的转型,与此同时,乡民艺术也适时从内容到形式上都做了较大的改变,之前的娱乐化成分淡化,更多代表国家、政府的政治符号被添加进来。

Huagu Luozi, a category of folk dance in Yan Zhuang Town in Laiwu City of Shandong Prov- ince, is considered an important tool of＂ group revel＂ and an expression of their culture. Special resources in the rural society provide rich soil for the survival of folk arts. Meanwhile, the development of unique folk arts plays a positive role in allocating the civil rights,integrating the folk resources, and ultimately in shaping the charac- ter of the rural society. However, with the development of rural urbanization, especially the influence of intangi- ble cultural heritage, the village society has been undergoing a huge transformation. Folk arts have also wit- nessed great changes, both in form and content, including the adding of some political symbols and the removal of some entertainment components.