喷施抗倒调理剂劲丰对小麦增产抗倒的生物学效应

Biological effects of growth regulator Jinfeng on lodging resistance and yield increase of wheat

以淮麦25为材料,采用裂区试验设计,分析在施用抗倒调理剂劲丰对小麦抗倒性的生物学效应。结果表明,劲丰显著降低了小麦的株高和穂下节间长度,显著增加了基部1、2节间的壁厚(28.3%、19.5%)、单位节间干重(6.7%、8.1%)以及抗折力(7.4%、22.0%),增强了小麦的抗倒伏能力,基部1、2节间的倒伏指数分别降低15.7%、25.8%。在施用越冬肥(112.5 kg/hm2)条件下劲丰能够增加小麦倒1、2叶的叶面积、鲜质量及干质量,显著增加倒1叶的干质量鲜质量比(7.0%),提高旗叶叶绿素含量,增强POD活性及根系活力,提高小麦后期光合作用,促进干物质向籽粒运转,有效减少不孕小穗数(0.61个),显著增加穗粒数和千粒重(1.43粒和0.99 g),增产5.7%。说明在施用越冬肥基础上,喷施抗倒调理剂劲丰可以显著提高小麦抗倒性和产量。

A split-plot experiment of spraying Jingfeng, a growth regulator, on Huaimai 25 was conducted to study the biological effects on lodging resistance of wheat. The results showed that Jingfeng significantly reduced the wheat plant height by 9. 4 cm and the length of internode below spike by 4. 8 cm, and remarkably increased wall thickness by 28. 3% and 19.5% , dry weight per unit of length by 6. 7% and 8. 1% and snapping resistance by 7. 4% and 22. 0% of the 1st and 2nd internodes, respectively. Jingfeng enhanced lodging resistance of wheat, the lodging index of the 1 st and 2nd inter- nodes being decreased by 15.7% and 25.8%. After wintering nitrogen fertilizer application, Jingfeng significantly in- creased leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight of the 1st and 2nd leaf from top, and the ratio of dry weight to fresh weright of the 1 st leaf from top by 7. 0%. Jingfeng also improved chlorophyll content, POD activity and root activity, and photosyn- thesis of grain filling stage, which facilitated the transportation of dry matter to grain, reduced the sterile spike, increased grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight, and improved yield by 5.7%. The aboves indicated that spraying Jingfeng couldsignificantly improve wheat lodging resistance and yield on the basis of winter nitrogen fertilizer application.