我国行政主体的理论进程与实证分析

PROCESS AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF OUR COUNTRY ADMINISTRATION SUBJECT THEORY

大陆法系主要国家的行政主体均是以行政分权为基础来设立的,行政主体均是公法人。在我国,适应行政诉讼被告资格确认的现实需要,对国外的行政主体理论进行了移植,但这种移植是错位的。随着行政法治的发展,应当重新构建我国的行政主体制度。重构后的行政主体包括国务院、地方各级人民政府、法律或者地方性法规授权的法人组织。根据这一新行政主体理论,现代警务改革首先应进行国家警察机关与地方警察机关的分设,然后据此划定行政主体范围,确定行政诉讼被告和行政复议机关。

The administration subject of the main countries of the civil law system is set up based on the administrative decentralization, administrative subject are public corporation. In our country, in order to meet the needs of reality to confirm the defendant qualification of administrative litigation, we transplanted the foreign administrative subject theory, but this kind of transplantation is misplaced. With the development of the administrative law, we should reconstruct our system of administrative subject. Reconstruction of administrative subjects including the State Council, the local people＇s governments at all levels, the law or the authorized local regulations of corporate organization. According to the new administrative subject theory, modern policing reform should be a national police force and local police set up first, and then accordingly delimit administrative subject range, determine the defendant of administrative litigation and the administrative reconsideration organ.