酸汤话记录的锹歌及其修辞

HUNAN QIAO SONGS AND SUANTANG DIALECT

湖南靖州西部山区与贵州接壤一带称作锹里地区,主要生活着苗族、侗族和苗化的汉人。"锹歌"为锹里各民族民歌的总称,其语言基础最初是苗语和侗语。清嘉庆以后借用汉语的酸汤话记录歌词,因此,锹歌逐渐汉化。锹歌在锹里地区有着超民族、超语言的沟通功能,体现苗、侗、汉三个民族文化的完美融合,也体现汉语在锹里各语言接触与竞争中为强势语言。锹歌歌词的创造以山林、田间生活为素材,巧妙利用押韵、起兴、比喻、反复、夸张、用典等多种修辞手法,创造语言的形式美和意境美,凝聚锹里各族人民的勤劳和智慧。

The mountainous region of western Jingzhou Hunan is called Qiaoli area, where Hmong and Dong minority are living. Some of the Hmong once belonged to the Han clan. ＂Qiao songs＂ is the name for all the ethnic folk songs in Qiaoli area. Hmong and Dong language were originally the foundation of Qiao songs. Since Jiaqing age of Qing Dynasty, Suantang dialect was used to record them. Nowadays, Qiao songs are basically the translation of Hmong and Dong songs into Suantang dialect, or the recreation with it. Qiao songs has a super-national, super-language communication function, which reflects the perfect fusion of Hmong, Dong and Han culture, and also reflects the Chinese language is the strongest in the contact and competition of several national languages here. The creation of Qiao-song lyrics is based on the life in the forest and field. Several kinds of figures of speech such as： rhymes, metaphor, repetition, exaggeration, are used to create the beauty of language and artistic conception, which is the condensation of the diligence and wisdom of all people in Qiaoli.