不同水肥处理对亚洲黄百合切花品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization and Water Treatments on Quality of Cut Asian Yellow Lily

为找出生产优质百合切花的水肥管理技术，现通过盆栽试验，研究了低钾（0．1gK2O／kg土）、中钾（0．2gKO／kg土）、高钾（0．3gK20／kg土）3种施钾水平，前期施用1／2N＋1／2K、中期施用1／2N、后期施用1／2K，前期施用1／2N、中期施用i／2K、后期施用i／2N＋1／2K，前期施用1／2N、中期施用i／2N＋1／2K、后期施用1／2K3种不同生长阶段氮钾配合施用方法及轻度干旱（现蕾后土壤含水量控制在田间持水量的60％～70％）和正常灌水（现蕾后土壤含水量控制在田间持水量的70％～80％）2种灌水水平对亚洲黄百合鲜切花形态品质、瓶插期间百合花被片中淀粉、可溶性糖及丙二醛含量的影响。结果表明：以高钾，前期施用1／2N、中期施用1／2K、后期施用1／2N＋1／2K和现蕾后土壤含水量控制在田间持水量的50％～60％处理百合切花的品质效果最佳，可有效提高百合株高、茎粗、花径、叶面积、叶片数，延长切花开花寿命，维持开花期间百合花被片中较高的淀粉和可溶性糖含量，延缓丙二醛的积累。

In order to find out irrigation and fertilization management for producing cut lily with high quality, the effects of different fertilization and water treatments on morphology quality of cut Asian yellow lily （Lilium sp. cv. Mirella）, and contents of starch,soluble sugar and MDA contents during the period of cut-flower in vase were investigated using pot experiment in the greenhouse. There were three applied K levels,i e. low K （0. 1 g K20/kg soil） ,middle K （0. 2 g K2O/kg soil） and high K（0. 3 g K2O/kg soil）;three combinations of applied N and K at different growth stages,i, e. applied 1/2N and 1/2K at the early stage, 1/2N at the middle stage and 1/2K at the later stage;applied 1/2N at the early stage, 1/2K at the middle stage, 1/2N and 1/2K at the later stage; applied 1/2N at the early stage, 1/2N and 1/2K at the middle stage,1/2K at the later stage. Two irrigation levels included slight drought （50%- 60% of field capacity after bud appearing period） and normal irrigation level （70%-80% of field capacity after bud appearing period）. The results showed that the treatment with high K,applied 1/2N at the early stage, 1/2K at the middle stage, 1/2N and 1/2K at the later stage and drought treatment （50-60% of field capacity after bud appearing period） had the best effect on quality of cut lily, and this treatment increased plant height, stem diameter, flower diameter,leaf area, leaf number, lifespan of cut lily,maintained higher contents of petal starch and soluble sugar contents and delayed the accumulation of petal MDA during the period of cut flower in vase.