青海省公路桥涵水文分区及设计流量公式的修正

Correction on Hydrological Regionalization and Design Discharge of Highway Bridge in Qinghai Province

为提高青海省公路桥涵设计流量的计算精度,在省内1991年公路桥涵既有水文分区和设计流量公式的基础上,比较青海省水利部门相关水文分区,以水系流域等定性指标为指导,选取年平均径流量、年平均降水量、气候带、河流补给形式、单位面积上50a一遇设计流量等5个因素为水文因子,对省内原有的黄河上游区、湟水大通河区等2个区进行了模糊聚类分析,对原有的玉树区、柴达木区、青海湖区、祁连山区等4个区进行了定性论证。将全省原有的6个分区,重新划分为7个产流区和1个非产流区。经误差分析,2012年新的公路桥涵水文分区图和设计流量计算公式,使用便利,计算精度较旧公式有所提高,可以指导全省公路桥涵建设工作。

To improve the calculation accuracy of bridge and culvert design discharge in Qinghai province, based on the existing data about hydrology regionalization and design discharge of the province in 1991, and comparing with related hydrological partition of water conservancy departments, taking the water basin and other qualitative indicators as a guide, and five hydrological factors are selected which are the average annual runoff, average annual precipitation, climatic zones, the design river folw supply, design discharge per unit with 50 years return period, clustering analysis work are completed for Yellow River area and Huangshui Datong River area, and qualitaitve demonstrations are done for the other four areas. The original six partitions are re-divided into seven runoff area and non-runoff area. After error analysis, the new hydrological zoning map and design discharge formula is better than the old one, which ridge construction.