铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区浮游植物群落特征与水质评价

Community Structure of Phytoplankton and Water Quality Analysis in Wetland of Tongling Freshwater Dolphins National Natural Reserve

长江流域经济的高速发展改变了铜陵淡水豚国家级自然保护区的水生态环境,为了解该保护区浮游植物群落结构特征与水质状况,于2011年6月、7月及9月对4个代表性断面进行了监测,并根据浮游植物群落结构的物种组成,采用Shannon-Weaver指数和Pielou均匀度指数,对水体营养及污染状况进行评价。结果表明,该保护区浮游植物有6门、86种;其中,绿藻门最多,有34种,占浮游植物种类的39.53%;硅藻次之,有29种,占33.73%;蓝藻门14种,占16.28%。浮游植物总平均密度为9.79×105个/L,总平均生物量为0.303 mg/L,调查区域浮游植物平均密度由高到低依次为:铜陵沙头南>铜陵沙头北>萝卜洲尾南>萝卜洲尾北;平均生物量由高到低依次为:铜陵沙头南>铜陵沙头北>萝卜洲尾北>萝卜洲尾南。铜陵淡水豚自然保护区水质属于富营养型,处于α-中污染状态。

land of To The water ecological environment has changed with the development of water resources utilization in wet- ngling freshwater dolphins national natural reserve. In order to reveal the phytoplankton community struc- ture and assess the pollution status and water quality, four represently phytoplankton samples were collected accord- ing to normal methods in June, July and September 2011. The phytoplankton community structure including species composition, Shannon-Weaver diversity index and Pielou evenness index were analyzed in this study. The results showed that there are eighty six species were observed which belonged to six phyla. The numbers of species in Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta were richer than others. The percentage were 39.53%, 33.73% and 16.28% respectively. The average diversity of species is 9.79 × 105 ind/L, and the average biomass is 0. 303 mg/ L. The differences of species diversity and biomass are significant between some site according to one-way analysis of variance. Evaluation results to determine the water quality in wetland of Tongling freshwater dolphins national natural reservation region belong to eutrophy type, a α-mesosaprobic zone status.