环境电磁辐射对学龄前儿童智力发育和神经行为的影响

Impact of environmental electromagnetic radiation on intellectual development and neurological behavior of preschool children

目的通过了解山西省广电局幼儿园儿童智力发育和神经行为的情况,探讨环境电磁辐射对学龄前儿童的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对山西省广电局幼儿园96名儿童及对照组某幼儿园116名儿童,采用韦氏学龄前儿童智力测验量表(WPPSI)和世界卫生组织推荐的核心行为测试(NCTB)方法进行智力发育和神经行为现场测试,儿童基本情况调查表由学生家长填写,调查和测试结果采用SPSS 10.0软件进行统计分析。结果2组儿童(4~6岁)在常识、类同、语言分、语言智商方面的差异有统计学意义;在词汇、算数、理解、图画填充、木块图案、全量表分和总智商方面的差异无统计学意义。在神经行为方面,观察组儿童的视觉反应平均时间明显比对照组儿童长,在数字跨度总分和视觉记忆总分方面的得分显著低于对照组儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论环境电磁辐射对学龄前儿童的智力发育和神经行为有影响。为此,各幼儿教育机构在选址时要全面规划、合理布局;政府有关部门要做好预防性卫生监督工作,为儿童创造一个舒适、健康的成长环境。

Objective To explore the impact of environmental electromagnetic radiation on the intellectual development and neurological behavior of preschool children. Methods By using the cluster sampling method, 96 children （4-6 years old） in a kindergarten near the Shanxi Provincial Radio Station were selected as a research group and investigated with WPPSI and NCTB tests and the children＇ s basic situation questionnaires were filled by their parents, and other 116 children （4-6 years old） far away the Radio Station were also investigated with above-mentioned methods as a control group. All the results were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. Results The two groups had significant differences in common sense, similar, language points and language IQ, but no significant differences in vocabulary, comprehension, arithmetic, picture filling, wood pattern, M1 scale points and the total IQ. In neurological behavior, the average child＇ s visual reaction time of the research group was significantly longer than that of the control group, and the digit span total score and total score of visual memory in the research group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈 0.05）. C^nclusio, s There is an impact of environmental electromagnetic radiation on the intellectual development and neurological behavior of preschool children. Therefore, the authority should concern the status and make preventive measures, including correct distxihution of kindergartens and health supervision.