国外社会化媒体在旅游业中的应用研究进展及启示

A REVIEW AND PROSPECT ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

随着信息技术在旅游业中的广泛应用,新技术和新应用对旅游业的发展产生了深远影响,并促使旅游研究范式发生转变。基于社会化媒体与旅游业紧密结合的现实,通过对国外社会化媒体和旅游相关研究进行梳理,从社会化媒体概念界定、社会化媒体类型划分、社会化媒体对旅游主客体的影响、社会化媒体在旅游业中的应用四个方面进行了归纳和综述。研究发现,目前国外关于社会化媒体与旅游的相关研究处于快速发展阶段;社会化媒体对旅游业的多方面深刻影响也逐渐被学者认识,但是研究的广度和深度还有待加强。最后,从基础理论和实际应用角度提出相关的研究启示。

With the information technology extensive used in the tourism industry, new technologies and ap plications have a profound impact on the development of tourism and promote the paradigm shift of tourism research. The establishment of the Computer Reservation Systems （CRSs） in the 1970s and Global Distribu tion Systems （GDSs） in the late 1980s, followed by the development of the Intemet in the late 1990s, has transformed the best operational and strategic practices in the industry dramatically. A few years later, the Journal of Information Technology ＆ Tourism （JITT） followed in1998 establishing a multidisciplinary interest group of researchers that published regularly on tourism and technology. Most participants of this group constituted the core membership of the International Federation of Information Technology for Travel and Tourism （IFITT）. In this context, a number of researchers involved in academic research to information technology and tourism ranks. In recent years, social media and tourism are becoming increasingly close, the discussion of social media in tourism gradually increasing. Based on the reality of the close connection of social media and tourism research, this paper reviews the study of social media in others countries, summarizes the concept of social media, the form of the social media, its implication and application in the tourism. And found that foreign research on social media in a rapid development stage, its impact on the tourism industry has also been gradually recognized by scholars, but the breadth and depth of research to be strengthened. Finally, we combined with domestic research status, provided the inspiration and future research directions. We can constructed the theoretical framework of crossover research of tourism and information technology, and integrated investigate social media in tourism applied research from information science, psychology, so- ciology, management, marketing, and other multi-disciplinary perspective.