乌天麻不同生长阶段及其花和茎杆的显微特征

Microstructure of the rhizoma,flower and stem of Gastrodia elata

目的研究乌天麻不同生长发育阶段的白麻、箭麻和母麻的显微组织特征,及乌天麻的花和茎杆的显微粉末特征。方法采用徒手切片结合石蜡切片法研究白麻、箭麻和母麻的组织特征,粉末制片法研究乌天麻花和茎杆的粉末特征。结果白麻、箭麻和母麻均由下皮、皮层和中柱组织组成,白麻和箭麻显微结构相同,母麻和白麻、箭麻的维管束横切面有区别,白麻、箭麻和母麻相应结构的细胞体积逐渐增大;乌天麻花粉末制片可见非腺毛、螺纹导管、草酸钙针晶束及分泌道;乌天麻茎杆粉末制片可见表皮细胞、木栓细胞、草酸钙针晶束以及呈折射光的晶体。结论以上显微特征可作为乌天麻显微鉴别的参考依据。

Objective To study the microstructure of immature tuber,mature tuber and mother tuber of Gastrodia elata B1. form. glauca S. Chow, and the powder of flower and stern for the first time. Methods Hand - sliced method, permanent paraffin - cut sec- tion and powder method were used to study the microscopic and powder characteristics. Results The microstructure of gastrodia was composed of lower epidermis, cortex and vascular cylinder. Immature tuber and mature tuber was the same, mother tuber was different from them in vascular bundle section. The corresponding structure of immature, mature and mother tuber cell increased gradually. There were nonglandular hair, spiral vessel, calcium oxalate raphides, secretory canal in powder characteristics of flower of G. elata BI. f. glauca S. Chow, and there were epidermic cells, cork cells, calcium oxalate raphides and crystals with refracted light in powder characteristics of stem of G. elata B1. f. glauca S. Chow. Conclusion These features can be used as the reference for quality standard of G. elata B1. f. glauca S. Chow.