华北克拉通南缘舞阳地区太古代BIF中方解石的微区特征及地质意义研究

Study on Microarea Characteristics of Calcite in Archaean BIF from Wuyang Area in South Margin of North China Craton and Its Geological Significances

条带状铁建造(banded iron formation,BIF)是前寒武纪地层中广泛发育的一类富铁沉积岩,它在华北克拉通内广泛发育。在华北克拉通南缘的舞阳地区,晚太古代太华群铁山庙组BIF包含石英-磁铁矿和辉石-磁铁矿两种组合,前者的绝大部分磁铁矿颗粒均自形程度高、粒度粗大并常常紧密伴生有一定量的方解石。舞阳地区铁山庙组BIF的RAMAN,SEM,CL和EDS分析结果表明:石英-磁铁矿矿石中的磁铁矿自形程度最高、石英次之、方解石最低;方解石似条带的RAMAN分析结果指示其有序度、结晶程度沿条带的垂直方向无规律突变,明显不同于裂隙中后期热液流体沉淀形成的方解石脉;方解石发生了塑性流变并最终定位于石英和磁铁矿间的间隙内,其矿物的截面形状和展布特征明显受控于石英和磁铁矿并得到了石英颗粒间微裂隙内方解石的证实;方解石似条带的微区成份存在明显差异,这反映方解石经历了塑性流变及再次汇聚;在磁铁矿颗粒的汇聚及生长过程中,方解石充当了磁铁矿微颗粒迁移的媒介并得到了方解石中磁铁矿微颗粒局部富集现象的证实。

The results of Raman, $EM, CL and EDS analysis show that the quartz-type BIF （banded iron formation） in Tieshan miao formation, from Wuyang area of south North China Craton mainly contains quartz, magnetite and a small quantity of cal cite. In comparison, magnetites represent the highest automorphic degree, while calcites contribute to the lowest automorphic degree. In addition, the automorphic degree of the quartz lies between magnetite and calcite. In the results of Raman analysis, the crystallinity and order degree are quite diverse in the vertical direction of the calcite band-like, and this is different from the calcite vein precipitating from the upper hydrothermal fluid. There are obvious plastic flow happening to calcite particles. During the process of plastic flow, the calcites are finally filled in the space between quartz and magnetite. This is the reason why the cross sectional shape and distributional characteristics of calcite aggregate are controlled by the particles of quartz and magnetite, which is also evidenced by the calcite filled into the slight interspace between two particles of quartz. In the Raman analysis, there are apparent differences of microarea component in calcite band-like, and this denotes that it is produced by the plastic flow and concourse process. What＇s more, the calcite acts as the migration intermedium of tiny magnetite during their concourse and crystallization processes, which is witnessed by the concentrated particles of magnetite in small size in local parts of the calcites. With the help of calcite, the small magnetite particles join together to crystallize with bigger size or form aggregate of minerals.