南方丘陵生态脆弱区生态文明区划探讨——以长汀县为例

Ecological Civilization Construction of Ecological Fragile Region in Southern Hills:A Case Study of Changting County

生态文明建设是以尊重和维护生态环境为前提,以人与自然、人与社会良性循环、全面发展、持续繁荣为核心,旨在寻求生态、经济的双赢。以长汀县作为南方丘陵生态脆弱区生态文明建设研究实例,融合主体功能区划理念及方法,从生态经济文明、生态社会文明、生态环境文明、生态文化文明和生态制度文明方面选取评价指标,考虑南方丘陵生态脆弱区的生态敏感性,并结合农户调查意见划分生态文明管制区。结果表明,长汀县生态文明管制区可分为生态文明重点管护区、核心发展区、综合治理区、集中修复区;生态文明建设的政策重心应倾向于农户生计变化,加强农业专业化,发展绿色产业,实现绿色产业市场竞争优势和持续发展优势,促使生态效益凸显、持久,最终实现生态、经济的双赢。

On the premise of respecting ecological environment, ecological civilization construction focus on harmonious coexistence, virtuous circle, comprehensive development, continued prosperity among man. na ture. society, and aim at seeking a win-win situation between ecological and economy. Considering the differ ences of speed and level of economic development among different region, this article argues that ecological civilization construction not only concentrates on its intension, but on its spatial variation, which required eco- logical civilization construction should root in local conditions. With the theoretical formwork, this article pres ents the trend for ecological civilization construction to dividing the ecological civilization control area, especially ecological fragile region. Based on preliminary results of the field surveys and interviews, government statistics and documents, and direct observation in Changting County of Fujian Province, a region with a repre sentative in soil erosion of ecological fragile region in southern hills as well as a prototype of soil erosion con trol, the idea of ecological civilization control area was explored. Firstly, the philosophy and method of the ma jor function oriented zoning are integrated. Secondly, comprehensive evaluation of indexes that including the aspects of economic, social, environmental, cultural and institutional of ecological civilization are carried out. Finally, the ecological sensitivity of ecological fragile region in southern hills as well as a survey of farmers in local area was considered. The results showed that the ecological civilization control area of Changting County can be divided into four areas including ecological civilization control and protection area, ecological civiliza tion core development area, comprehensive management area, and centralized restoration area. It was identi fied that the area of ecological civilization control and protection is the key in ecological civilization construc- tion, ecological civilization core development area is the economic development space carrier, ecological civili zation comprehensive management area is the important direction of city development as well as the key area of controlling soil erosion while ecological civilization centralized restoration area hold environmental protec tion and ecological products as its priority mission. The article assesses the relevance of the paradigm of eco nomic development in each ecological civilization control area to the ecological civilization construction, and suggests the need for a conceptual framework focusing on the ecological civilization construction resulting from bottom-up ecological civilization control area development. It was also drew that policy implications from the analysis, calling for policies not only to facilitate environment improvements but also catering for the means of livelihood for the inhabitant.