NKT细胞与移植物抗宿主病

NKT Cells and Graft-Versus-Host Disease——Review

NKT细胞(自然杀伤T细胞)是一种免疫T细胞,同时表达传统T细胞和自然杀伤细胞的表面标志,经特异抗原刺激后能够分泌大量细胞因子,调节Th1/Th2平衡,在预防和治疗移植物抗宿主病方面发挥重要作用。与此同时,NKT细胞能够发挥抗肿瘤和抗感染效应,进而加大了NKT细胞在异基因造血干细胞移植方面的应用,帮助患者重建移植后免疫。因此,进一步了解NKT细胞生物学和免疫学特征及其具体免疫调节机制,对运用NKT细胞防治移植中出现移植物抗宿主病有重要的指导意义。本文就NKT细胞的生物学特征、分类、分化发育,免疫活化及NKT细胞与GVHD(包括机制)、NKT细胞与肿瘤、NKT细胞与感染和NKT细胞与临床GVHD研究进行综述。

NKT cells （nature killer T cells）, as a regulatory cellular compartment in the immune system, express cell surface markers of T cells and NK cells. It secretes a variety of cytokines that stimulat specific antigens. Through regulating the balance of Thl/Th2, the NKT ceils play an important role in prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）. Its antitumor and anti-infectious effects serve as a basis of its application in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A better understanding of the biological and immunological features of NKT cell, as well as its specific immune regulatory mechanisms, will further justify the rationales of using NKT ceils in the management of GVHD for patients. In this review, the biologic properties, classification, differentiation and development, immune cativation of NKT cells as well as the NKT cells and GVHD including the related mechanisms of prevention and treatment of GVHD with NKT cells,NKT cells and tumors ,NKT cells and infection,and NKT cells and clinical GVHD are summarized.